dotte. Il posizionamento rispetto al trattore può essere centrale, laterale, oppure anche all’estremità di un braccio estensibile o bilaterale. Nel primo caso la macchina è solidale al trattore mediante l’attacco a 3 punti, e in tal modo scava un solco centrale rispetto alla traiettoria percorsa dalla motrice. Viceversa, i modelli con braccio articolato permettono di creare fossi distanti anche diversi metri dal trattore, e si rivelano utili per lavorare in situazioni dove la percorrenza del macchinario può non essere ottimale. Infine, sono disponibili anche scavafossi bilaterali, che grazie alla conformazione del telaio portante permettono la realizzazione e la manutenzione dei solchi posteriormente agli pneumatici del trattore, sempre comunque all’interno della sua sagoma. TECNICA 66 TECNICA tion of advance, with an inclination of about 30° to the vertical; the soil thus displaced is thrown sideways by the centrifugal force imparted by the rotation and by the impact of the material on appropriately oriented baffles. This equipment is suitable for the creation of relatively small ditches. Positioning with respect to the tractor can be central, lateral, or even at the end of an extending arm or bilateral. In the first case, the machine is integral to the tractor through the threepoint hitch and thus digs a furrow central to the path traveled by the tractor. Conversely, models with an articulated arm allow the creation of ditches that are also several meters away from the tractor and help work in situations where the travel of the machinery may not be optimal. Finally, bilateral ditchers are also available, which, thanks to the conformation of the supporting frame, allow the creation and maintenance of furrows to the rear of the tractor's tires, always, however, within its gauge. Double-wheel ditchers The general structure is similar to that of the single-wheel models, but in this case, the digging and earth-breaking organs and deflectors are double: there are, in fact, two symmetrical rotors, usually working at an opposite inclination of about 30° to the vertical, complemented by two sets of baffles for moving away the displaced material. If the section of the ditch to be made is to be small, the inclination of the rotors is reduced to an angle of between 18° and 23°. However, at the other end of the spectrum, models with enlarged trapezoidal cross-sections are also available, which create wider sections at the top for the same depth, with side wall angles of up to 40-42°. Double-wheel ditchers also include models referred to as "super" or "big," which, as the name implies, can dig large ditches. Uno scavafossi in normali condizioni di lavoro A ditcher in traditional working conditions Oltre a creare fossi e canali ed eseguire la loro manutenzione (ordinaria e straordinaria), gli scavafossi si rivelano utili in fase di installazione di tunnel e serre fredde: lavorando a profondità relativamente ridotte (30-40 cm) sono usati per rincalzare il film plastico di copertura sui lati lunghi di questi apprestamenti protetti. Infatti, la terra smossa dallo scavo ricopre il bordo terminale della copertura, garantendo la tenuta dell’ambiente interno rispetto all’esterno, e creando uno strato di terra sopra il film in modo da non danneggiare quest’ultimo in caso di passaggio di mezzi pesanti. Gli impieghi complementari degli scavafossi Besides digging ditches and canals and performing their maintenance (routine and extraordinary), ditchers prove useful when installing tunnels and cold greenhouses: When working at relatively shallow depths (30-40 cm), they are used to tamp down the plastic covering film on the long sides of these protected arrangements. In fact, the earth dislodged by the excavation covers the end edge of the cover, ensuring the tightness of the interior environment with respect to the exterior and creating a layer of earth above the film so that the latter is not damaged if heavy vehicles pass through. Complementary uses of ditchers Uno scavafossi impiegato nella rincalzatura del film di copertura di tunnel A ditcher used for ridging tunnel cover film
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