ogni ciclo di lattazione. È necessario, dunque, non solo prestare particolare attenzione al grado di essiccazione del foraggio e alle modalità con cui gli organi lavoranti delle macchine trattano il prodotto, modulando l’aggressività degli utensili in funzione della tipologia di foraggio, ma anche ridurre al minimo l’inquinamento del prodotto con la terra, i sassi e gli altri materiali inerti. Lo sfalcio Rappresenta senza dubbio un momento di stress per le colture foraggere, sia a causa della rimozione di quasi tutta la parte aerea, cioè quella fotosintetizzante, sia perché la espone all’attacco di patogeni. Per limitare il più possibile tale impatto, permettendo una veloce ricrescita e produzioni soddisfacenti anche nei raccolti successivi, è importante che il taglio sia netto, in modo che si rimargini il prima possibile. Falciatrici con utensili affilati e altezza di taglio adatta sono gli aspetti da tenere presente in questo frangente. In particolare, sfalciare a 68 cm circa da terra lascia sufficienti sostanze nutritive nella base degli steli e previene un incremento delle ceneri, dovuto ad un taglio troppo basso. Un altro aspetto da tenere presente durante la falciatura è la possibile presenza di animali selvatici, che potrebbe essere travolti e uccisi dai dispositivi falcianti o dalla macchina stessa. Per questo, sulle falciatrici più grandi è molto utile l’impiego di dispositivi che rilevano tale presenza e la segnalano al conducente. La tecnologia sviluppata da PötTECNICA 56 TECNICA Besides, better forage quality is a key issue, especially for agri-food productions of excellence, such as the production of PDO cheeses. A particularly important parameter and one on which the mechanization of haymaking has a major impact is ash content, which is the total mineral content of a forage crop. The ash comes both from the plants themselves (in the form of natural plant ash, i.e., magnesium, calcium and potassium) but mainly from contamination with the soil. High forage contamination adversely affects nutrient supply to animals as it reduces the nutritive value of the forage: 10 g of crude ash per kilogram of dry matter due to soil contamination reduces net milk energy by about 0.1 MJ, while crude protein content drops by 1.6 g. Furthermore, cattle daily ingestion is lower due to flavor alteration and partly to lower forage digestibility. Approximately, in the case of milk production, the presence of 1% contamination with soil causes a drop in production equal to 200 kg of milk/head per lactation cycle. It is, therefore, necessary not only to pay special attention to the degree of drying of the forage and how the working parts of the machines handle the product, modulating the aggressiveness of the tools according to the type of forage, but also to minimize the pollution of the product with soil, stones and other inert materials. Mowing It undoubtedly represents a time of stress for forage crops, both because of the removal of almost all the aerial part, that is, the photosynthesizing part, and because it exposes it to pathogen attack. To limit this impact as much as possible, allowing fast regrowth and satisfactory yields in subsequent crops as well, the cut must be clean so that it heals as soon as possible. Mowers with sharp tools and appropriate cutting height are the aspects to remember here. Specifically, mowing about 6 to 8 cm above the ground leaves enough nutrients in the base of the stems and prevents increased ash due to cutting too low. Another aspect to remember during mowing is the possible presence of wild animals, which could be run over and killed by the mowing devices or the machine itself. That is why, on larger mowers, using devices that detect such presence and signal it to the driver is very useful. The technology developed by Pöttinger, called Sensosafe, consists of an optical sensor bar coupled with a specific light source that enables it, regardless of light conditions and ambient temperature, to detect and identify any obstacles on the ground, including animals. Once the obstacle is detected, the Sensosafe system alerts the operator through appropriate acoustic signals and automatically raises the cutter bar to avoid a ruinous impact. Considering that the timeliness of execution is a key aspect (especially to take advantage of the most favorable weather/climate conditions) and that the contribution of contracting is also growing in the forage sector for mowing operations, using machines with large working capacities is increasingly common in Northern Italy. At this stage, forage conditioning proves to be extremely useful as defibrating the tougher parts of the mowed material accelerates water loss from plant tissues, thus reducing drying time. Il Sensosafe di Pöttinger consente una pronta identificazione di ostacoli e di eventuali animali selvatici presenti nella vegetazione, avvisando l’operatore tramite opportune segnalazioni acustiche e soprattutto sollevando automaticamente la barra falciante Pöttinger's Sensosafe enables prompt identification of obstacles and any wild animals in the vegetation by alerting the operator through appropriate acoustic signals and, most importantly, automatically raising the mowing bar
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